It forms underground stalks and is a perennial plant. The bitter dock is almost absent from fields, however, it can be found on fields created, where once green cultivated areas were created. It exhibits high activity levels in meadows and pastures, where it is very undesirable due to its toxic properties. Besides, it is frequently seen in fallow areas and on roadsides. It feels good in clay soils that are very humid and nutrient-poor. Individual plants can grow up to a metre in height. The leaves are elongated, and the stalk may branch out strongly.

The bitter dock flowers between June and August. At a later stage of blossoming it forms triangular, dark-brown fruits. The weed is difficult to control. One needs to care for good purity of the sowing material. In cases of intense infestation, spray using a herbicide.